Safe+Housed? Prep Zone 0

Reduce the Chance of Ember Ignition, Ease Evacuation, Protect Firefighters

January 17, 2025. By Cassy Aoyagi: We are devastated for LA’s losses and so grateful for those still fighting to save Angelenos, our homes and communities. We’re relieved to hear shelters and fire houses are stocked to the brim (we love you LA!).

January 2025 Notice: This article is designed to help those who are safe
stay that way – and protect their neighbors.
If you are navigating loss, consider waiting to read it.
If you have been asked to evacuate, Get Set and Go!

We feel the lull in wind. More humidity. With fires still burning and more Santa Anas expected next week, this weather presents a critical opportunity to get homes prepared. Does this feel like an ask to be selfish in our city’s time of need? Far from it.

Fire moves fastest and hottest in urban environments. What you do to prepare your home and property now will protect those of your neighbors and community – and our fire-worn firefighters. Have time to help a neighbor? That will help protect you too! The impact of these actions is cumulative – every home and business owner that takes them protects the next.

Quick, Cheap Home Hardening

Why harden your home first? It is the best way to reduce the changes of embers igniting it. These inexpensive options have a big impact:

  • Keep Windows Closed: Yes, for air quality. This will also deny embers to the more vulnerable interior of your home. Cost: $0
  • Protect Vents: While not as inviting as an open window, home vents will allow embers to gain access to your home. Replace them with ember resistant vents, add ember resistant mesh to your vents, or temporarily cover with fire rated drywall – here’s how. Cost: $5-100+ per Vent

Zone 0 Red Flag Checklist

The 5-feet closest to your home, particularly at ground level, is critical to your home’s ability to resist ignition as well as firefighters’ ability to engage a home. Take time when fire is far to accomplish the following:

  • Clear:
    • Remove anything stored under a deck
    • Store explosives, including fertilizer, gasoline and propane, in sealed containers, distanced from homes
    • Store flammables (cushions, mats and rugs, toys, tools, sails and umbrellas) similarly, or in your garage, or pool
    • Move garbage cans, particularly cans with contents, into the garage – if they must remain outside, take them as far from structures as possible and seal the lid
    • Remove any further tip hazards
  • Clean:
    • Wet and rake mulch away from the foundation, then shovel or sweep (don’t blow) litter away from the full circumference of your foundation, focus where leaf litter collects
    • Remove cobwebs
  • Check:
    • Check your home as you round it – note where windows, skylights and doors, including garage doors, need better seals. 
    • Apply the most permanent solution you can – worst case scenario, use tape or plumbing sealants.
  • Pre-hydrate:
    • Irrigate foliage in the days before low humidity and high wind to boost its resistance and resilience to stress
    • Take care with hydrating slopes, as saturated soils can destabilize

Of course, if you have more than a weekend to get prepared, we recommend consistent home maintenance, making a plan to complete more home retrofits, and consistent landscape maintenance.

We cannot guarantee spending your weekend this way will save your home. Last week’s Santa Anas unleashed ember storms that horrified even the most seasoned fire fighters. Yet, research shows each task provides some protection – without you or anyone you love staying behind.

Be as safe as you can be, LA. We love you.

More Information

LA Fires | Our Latest

January 23: here are the sources and resources guiding our services right now

We want to share all we can to aid in your preparation and recovery. The information available changes fast. Here is what is impacting how we serve you and Los Angeles right now.

January 2025 Notice: This resource provides long-term guidance.
If you have been asked to evacuate, Get Set and Go!

Timely Updates

We can commit to providing exactly the information you need to understand how we can serve you without alarming images or sounds. We will not succeed in being the most current or comprehensive source of information. If you need the most timely updates, please join us in following:

Weather Updates

  • National Weather Service @NWS
  • Meteorologist Ginger Zee @ginger_zee

Fire Department Communications

  • LA County @lacountyfd
  • Los Angeles @losangelesfiredepartment + @lafdvalleyburau, @lafdcentral, @lafdwestbureau, @lafdsouthbureau
  • Pasadena @pasadenafiredepartment
  • South Pasadena @south_pasadena_firefighters
  • Santa Monica @santamonicafire
  • Sierra Madre @sierramadrefd
  • Community @communitybrigade

Preparation and Recovery

  • Emergency Services @readyLAcounty
  • County of LA (coordinating federal, state and local resources) @countyofla
  • Public Works @lacopublicworks
  • Public Health @lapublichealth
  • Your local mayor, as well as city council and congressional representatives

Insurance

  • Insurance Commissioner @cadeptofinsurance
  • Your insurance company

official guidance

Here is where we look for guidance in our efforts to help you assess, prepare, clean-up and fully recover:

Preparation

LA Emergencies

Rain and Land Movement

Insurance

Fire-Impacted Recovery

Federal, State, and Local Support

Home Assessments

Debris Removal

Phone Numbers

  • Debris Removal Hotline: (844) FIRE DEBRIS / (844) 347-3332
  • Public Works Dispatch Line: 800.675.4357
  • DPW Hillside Engineering Help: 800.933.0930
  • Environmental Health Community Line: 626.430.9821

January 15: LANDSCAPERS HAVE AN OUTSIZED IMPACT ON LA’S HEALTH AND WILDFIRE RESILIENCE

We all want to help clients, friends and fellow-Angelenos clean-up and/or quickly prepare for fire in case it moves into their neighborhood. Here is guidance from official sources about how we and our teams can stay safe as we do so.

Do not attempt to remove hazardous fire debris on impacted properties. The Los Angeles County Fire Department must inspect the property before any work is to begin. This process is time-intensive but free. 

Avoid use of equipment that could throw sparks in red flag conditions, especially PDS weather. This includes most power equipment, such as blowers, mowers, chainsaws and weed wackers. Even electrical tools can spark.

Clean up safely after fire. This can be quite dangerous. This is how we can protect ourselves:

  • Wear gloves, long sleeved shirts and pants to avoid skin contact.
  • Wear a disposable mask with a rating of N-95 or better during clean-up. Read label on package for proper use. Here’s why.
  • Gently sweep surfaces, then follow with wet mopping.
  • Avoid getting ash into the air. Don’t use a leaf blower or shop vacuum

Prepare Zone 0 when and where it is safe. Quickly preparing the 5 feet closest to LA homes – cleaning and clearing them during lulls in Santa Anas – may help homes resist ember ignition. It will help firefighters see and address ignitions. After the immediate danger passes, we can help defend homes and neighborhoods with more fully ember resistant Zone 0s

Please stay safe as you work for the safety of others. We are all needed to help LA recover. We’ll be in team with you as we do.

January 10: We love you. May You Be safe.

The Eaton and Palisades Fires alone are a level of devastation that is nearly impossible to wrap our minds around. We have deep gratitude to the firefighters working days on end to protect us, our homes and communities.

Thank you to those who have checked in. We are safe. We are grateful to know many of you are too.

As we grapple with the grief we all share, we wrap our hearts around what we know of Angelenos. We love and look out for one another. We help and repair one another. 

With more dry, hurricane force winds, we need to know we’ve done everything we can to help your prepare. We are hopeful even friends far from wildlands are in a “Set.Go!” state of preparation. If you are safe, set, and free of evacuation orders, we encourage attending to the 5 feet closest to homes as an added layer of defense for firefighters engaging your home.

Be safe out there. We love you.

Sincerely, 

Cassy, Kirk and the FormLA Landscaping Team

Wildfire | What Is Zone 0?

New fire risk reduction requirements protects homes and firefighters

Updated October 2023: Most landscape enhancements add delight or convenience to daily living. The creation of a “Zone 0” is no exception – yet it can also have dramatic impact on safety. Here’s what we understand about the latest fire risk reduction recommendations.

January 2025 Notice: This article is designed to provide long-term guidance.
If you are navigating loss, consider coming back to it later.
If you have been asked to evacuate, Get Set and Go!

Hear the designer and homeowner speak to this Tujunga Garden’s fire defensive qualities.

Where is Zone 0?

The California Board of Forestry and Fire Protection defines Zone 0 as the 0-5 feet closest to a home at ground level. It’s also called the “ember resistant zone,” where materials like gravel and cement encourage embers to burn out before they can build enough heat to ignite a home. In the photo above, the Zone 0 is the off-white concrete band closest to the home’s foundation.    

LAFD Firefighter Isaiah Marin in the fire defensive demonstration garden of Station 74, Tujunga

Why do I need a Zone 0?

The Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety research shows that wind-driven embers are responsible for more than 90 percent of home ignitions. They can ignite a home while leaving hydrated foliage intact, as our homes are often made of and surrounded by highly flammable man-made materials. An effective Zone 0 reduces the chances of home ignition by removing these materials and, therefore, opportunities for embers to build heat near a home.

The benefits of a Zone 0 extend beyond a single home. Every home with an ember resistant Zone 0 amplifies the safety its neighbors, as home fires cast more dangerous ember storms than fires burning natural materials. Fire fighters have another reason to encourage the creation of Zone 0s. This is the area they need to safely defend a home that has ignited. To protect them as they protect properties, this zone will be free of trip hazards as well as flammable materials.    

When do I need to have a Zone 0?

Safety impacts are profound, so for those in or near high fire severity areas, we encourage immediate creation of Zone 0s or taking steps in that direction. Defending your home from wildfire can also help with insurance.

Note: In the summer of 2023, we expected fire department enforcement to begin in 2024. This was delayed. While the regulation is still on the books, the when and how of enforcement are unclear as of autumn 2024.    

Established and well maintained trees need a canopy distanced from chimneys | Coast Live Oak

Which materials are allowed in a Zone 0?

At the ground level 0-5 feet from the home, ember resistant materials (gravel, concrete, stone, etc.) and well-irrigated low growing foliage, including natural lawns, are currently allowed. Beyond ground level, well-irrigated, well-maintained, non-woody foliage is allowed. Mature, living tree trunks, canopy, and foliage can be within 0-5 feet, as long as they are 6 inches from siding, 10 feet from the roof, and “limbed up” from the ground.    

Synthetic Turf is highly combustible and emits toxic fumes as it burns – it should not be in Zone 0

Which materials are not allowed Zone 0?

At the ground level 0-5 feet from the home, mulch and synthetic turf must be removed, as well as unirrigated foliage. Each of these materials can ignite and allow embers to build heat against the home. Above ground level, detached storage, fences and gates, and woody foliage (e.g. Junipers, Cedars, Palms) also pose dangers and should be removed.

Decks are considered part of the home – Zone 0 includes any under-deck area as well as 5 feet from the deck.

Some items require assessment and ongoing homeowner attention. Items such as awnings, shades, furnishings, outdoor kitchens, portable BBQs, pet homes, garbage and recycling receptacles, and vehicles should be stored when not in use. This is particularly true on red flag days.    

What does a Zone 0 look like?

We know what you are thinking – don’t worry! We’ve got you! An effective Zone 0 doesn’t need to 0-out your curb appeal or lifestyle. In fact, it can be an opportunity to enhance both when its materials complement the architecture and take your daily lifestyle into consideration. See More Examples

How much will it cost to create a Zone 0?

The cost of creating a Zone 0 depends upon the circumference of a home, its current Zone 0 contents, and the ember-resistant materials chosen. The Resource Conservation District of the Santa Monica Mountains (RCDSMM) currently has a waitlist for grants to cover the creation of free Zone 0s in specific LA-area communities.    

Tour an Effective Zone 0

Sources and Resources